Henry
Morgenthau I
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Henry
Morgenthau I |
A lawyer of Jewish origin, Morgenthau was born in Mannheim in 1856.
In 1913 he was appointed United States ambassador to the Sublime
Porte in Constantinople.
Here he managed to make personal contacts with the leaders of the
Committee of Union and Progress, the Young Turks such as
Enver, Djemal and Talaat, to whom he appealed ceaselessly during
his mandate to avoid the expulsion and extermination of the Armenian
people in Turkey.
In 1916 he returned to America where he dedicated his efforts to
collecting funds for Armenian survivors. Only in 1918 did he manage
to hold conferences on the Armenian massacres and to publish his
Ambassador Morgenthau's Story. Before the United States entered
the war, the book was censored. He entitled the chapter on the Armenians
"The Murder of a Nation" and in it he analysed the genocidal methodology
attributed to the school of German advisors.
He held conferences on the Armenian question, inciting the public
to lobby for the creation of the League of Nations. He promoted
the humanitarian efforts of the "Committee for Relief in the Near
East", an organisation that tried to trace Armenian orphans who
had been lost in the desert or reduced to slavery.
From 1919 he was a member of an investigative mission on the pogroms
against the Jews in Poland, working contemporarily for the repatriation
of Armenian survivors who were still dying of starvation and epidemics.
He fought for the creation of Wilson's Armenia, the great
Anatolian Armenia under American protection and mandate, which,
however, was never ratified by the United States Senate.
Henry Morgenthau died in New York in 1946.
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